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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20260420T110000
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DTSTAMP:20260413T083126Z
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UID:36625-1776682800-1776686400@www.ilcb.fr
SUMMARY:Testing the neural noise hypothesis of dyslexia
DESCRIPTION:Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder affecting approximately 7–12% of the population and is more commonly diagnosed in males than in females. While several cognitive and neural factors associated with dyslexia have been identified\, the precise causal mechanisms underlying reading difficulties remain unclear. One recent account\, the neural noise hypothesis (Hancock et al.\, 2017)\, proposes that reading difficulties arise from an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) processes (increased cortical excitability) leading to impairments in phonological awareness\, rapid automatized naming\, and multisensory integration. \nI will present our studies which tested key predictions of this hypothesis. First\, we examined whether low-level multisensory integration contributes to dyslexia and whether this effect is sex-specific. Next\, we directly tested the neural noise hypothesis using electroencephalography (EEG) power spectrum measures and concentrations of Glutamate (Glu) and GABA obtained with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7T. \nOnly males with dyslexia exhibited deficits in multisensory integration of simple\, non-linguistic stimuli\, as assessed by a reaction time task. However\, EEG and MRS results\, supported by Bayesian analyses\, provided no evidence for differences in E/I balance between groups\, challenging the hypothesis that cortical hyperexcitability underlies dyslexia. \n  \n  \nBio \nKatarzyna Jednoróg is a professor of cognitive neuroscience and head of the Laboratory of Language Neurobiology at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology\, Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Her research focuses on the neurobiological basis of language and reading development in both typical and atypical populations\, with a particular emphasis on developmental dyslexia. She investigates how brain structure and function support literacy acquisition\, using non-invasive neuroimaging methods such as EEG\, fMRI\, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. \n \n 
URL:https://www.ilcb.fr/event/testing-the-neural-noise-hypothesis-of-dyslexia/
LOCATION:Salle des voûtes\, St Charles\, 3 place Victor Hugo\, Marseille\, 13001\, France
CATEGORIES:Seminars
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20260629T110000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20260629T120000
DTSTAMP:20260619T075934Z
CREATED:20260619T075934Z
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UID:36750-1782730800-1782734400@www.ilcb.fr
SUMMARY:Brain mechanisms for structuring and searching through knowledge via cognitive maps
DESCRIPTION:Simone Viganò (Neurospin\, CEA & Université Paris-Saclay) \nA central challenge for the brain is not only storing knowledge\, but organizing it in a form that can be flexibly searched\, recombined\, and used to guide behavior. Over the past decade\, the cognitive map framework has emerged as one leading account of how this may be achieved\, proposing that neural systems involved in spatial navigation also support the representation of abstract relationships among concepts\, memories\, and experiences.\nIn this talk\, I will discuss a series of fMRI\, sEEG\, and eye-tracking studies conducted in recent years to investigate how cognitive maps support the organization\, retrieval\, and exploration of knowledge across different domains. These studies suggest ways in which the cognitive map framework may be extended to accommodate some of the distinctive characteristics of primate interactions with the environment and human conceptual knowledge.
URL:https://www.ilcb.fr/event/brain-mechanisms-for-structuring-and-searching-through-knowledge-via-cognitive-maps/
LOCATION:Salle des voûtes\, St Charles\, 3 place Victor Hugo\, Marseille\, 13001\, France
CATEGORIES:Seminars
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