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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251128T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251128T170000
DTSTAMP:20260522T140236
CREATED:20251028T165656Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20251029T155845Z
UID:36181-1764340200-1764349200@www.ilcb.fr
SUMMARY:Towards a Comparative Approach to Interactional Systems: Cross-disciplinary Contributions from Ethology and Linguistics
DESCRIPTION:Thesis defense of   Lise Habib-Dassetto \nSupervisors: \nMarie MONTANT\, Maîtresse de Conférences – Aix-Marseille Université \nCristel PORTES\, Professeure – Aix-Marseille Université \nAlban LEMASSON\, Professeur – Université de Rennes 1 \n  \nLes membres du Jury: \nThibaud GRUBER\, Rapporteur\, Associate Professor – Université de Genève \nElise HUCHARD\, Rapporteur(se)\, Directrice de Recherche – CNRS \nMaël LEROUX\, Examinateur\, Maître de Conférences – Université de Rennes 1 \nRoxane Bertrand\, Présidente du jury\, Directrice de Recherche – CNRS \n  \nAbstract: \nAnimal communication research often focuses on the search for meaning and structural rules within signals produced by an emitter\, drawing comparisons to human language. Most studies examine only a single communicative modality (vocal\, visual\, or tactile). This thesis takes a complementary approach by considering communication\, in both humans and non-humans\, as an interactive social act. It draws on Levinson’s Interaction Engine theory\, which posits that humans possess universal predispositions for coordinated interaction\, providing evolutionary foundations for language. Human interactions are organized\, cooperative\, and governed by conventions\, such as turn-taking and repair mechanisms. They are also mediated through multimodal communication. To investigate these mechanisms in animals\, we adopt principles of ethology\, treating communication as a biological trait shaped by evolutionary processes. The thesis is structured along three axes: theoretical\, methodological\, and empirical. Theoretically\, we propose comparing the interactional systems of different species to highlight general properties as well as species-specific patterns. We also advocate integrating all communicative modalities and examining how species’ social and ecological environments shape interactions. Methodologically\, we introduce Multi-Interaction\, a new framework and open-access tool applicable across species\, designed to process multi-agent and multimodal communicative sequences. This method makes it possible to study communicative signals as well as actions produced during exchanges. For the first time\, it systematically incorporates intra- and inter-individual overlaps\, i.e.\, the simultaneous production of gestures\, vocalizations\, facial expressions\, and actions\, rather than treating these elements sequentially. This approach aims to minimize information loss. It also provides new quantitative measures to describe these sequences. Empirically\, we implement these theoretical and methodological approaches in two studies of a captive group of Guinea baboons and in a comparative study across four primate species. Our results show that Guinea baboon interactions are flexible and adapt to social contexts. Individuals contribute in varying proportions depending on their sex and the centrality of their partner. Two interactants also produce inter-individual overlaps in varying proportions according to their sex and the frequency of their exchanges. These results suggest that interactions serve to maintain and negotiate social\, hierarchical\, and reproductive relationships. We show that\, compared to actions\, ritualized communicative signals streamline temporal coordination between interactants. Moreover\, the size of the interactional repertoire decreases with social experience\, indicating that repetition fosters efficiency and conventionalization. Finally\, our comparative study of Guinea baboons\, chimpanzees\, red-capped mangabeys and human infants\, highlights different uses of multimodal and multi-component communication\, consistent with the social and ecological environments of each species. These results support the Social Complexity Hypothesis (which links the complexity of communication to the constraints of group living) as well as ecological efficacy-based hypotheses (which explains the use of multimodality as an adaptation to ecological constraints). This thesis argues that interactional behaviors across species should be seen as flexible and adaptive biological traits\, shaped by conventions as well as by social and ecological pressures. \n  \nKeywords: animal communication\, social interaction\, multimodal communication\, evolution\, sociality\, ecology\, primates
URL:https://www.ilcb.fr/event/soutenance-de-these/
LOCATION:Espace Pouillon\, 3 place Victor Hugo\, Marseille\, 13003
CATEGORIES:Soutenance de thèse
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251002T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251002T180000
DTSTAMP:20260522T140236
CREATED:20250919T145339Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20250919T145339Z
UID:36094-1759413600-1759428000@www.ilcb.fr
SUMMARY:What self-supervised speech models know about animal sounds: Deep transfer learning and the evolution of acoustic communication across species
DESCRIPTION:Thesis defense of Jules Cauzinille  \nThesis supervisors : Benoit Favre (directeur de thèse)\, Arnaud Rey\, Ricard Marxer \n  \nJury :  \nBenjamin Lecouteux (président du jury) \nNicolas Farrugia (rapporteur) \nMarie Tahon (rapporteur) \nEmmanuel Chemla (examinateur) \n  \nAbstract: \nThis thesis introduces a novel approach to the study of vocal communication and its evolution across species through the use of deep transfer learning. We ask whether\, and how\, self-supervised models trained on speech data may provide suitable representations of bioacoustic information. Our initial focus is on non-human primates and is motivated by the apparent gap between state-of-the-art speech processing methods and the way the vocalizations of our closest living relatives are handled in recent computer science literature. We present experiments centred around transferring knowledge from speech to gibbon songs and propose a set of hypotheses on the evolution of acoustic communication and its phylogenetic ties. A second set of experiments aims at challenging initial hypotheses by extending the experimental framework across a broader range of species and tasks where we explore speech models’ latent representations through innovative probing strategies. We conclude on theoretical perspectives related to the convergent evolution of vocal communication across species\, while advocating for the integration of speech in future research aimed at developing general bioacoustic foundation models. \n  \n  \n  \n 
URL:https://www.ilcb.fr/event/what-self-supervised-speech-models-know-about-animal-sounds-deep-transfer-learning-and-the-evolution-of-acoustic-communication-across-species/
LOCATION:FRUMAM\, 3 place Victor Hugo\, Marseille\, 13001\, France
CATEGORIES:Soutenance de thèse
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250930T093000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250930T120000
DTSTAMP:20260522T140236
CREATED:20250915T121522Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20250915T121706Z
UID:36031-1759224600-1759233600@www.ilcb.fr
SUMMARY:The Role of Social Experience in the Grounding of Abstract Concepts
DESCRIPTION:Thesis defense of \nDaria Goriachun\nUnder the direction of de Johannes Ziegler (CRPN) et Núria Gala (LPL) \nJury :\nJohannes Ziegler – Directeur de thèse\nNúria Gala – Co-directrice de thèse\nAnna Borghi – Rapporteure\nPenny Pexman – Rapporteure\nGabriella Vigliocco – Présidente du jury\nKristof Strijkers – Examinateur \nAbstract :\nUnderstanding abstract concepts like justice or freedom\, which do not refer to physical objects\, poses a challenge for theories of language processing. This thesis investigates how social experience—both the degree to which words are socially relevant (their socialness) and the social context of communication—affects their processing. Across several experiments\, participants processed abstract and concrete words\, alone or in pairs. Results show that the social dimension of words affects processing\, particularly when participants cooperate. Social interaction thus modulates the way abstract concepts are understood\, suggesting that our social experiences can provide grounding for concepts not directly linked to perception or action. \n  \n  \n 
URL:https://www.ilcb.fr/event/the-role-of-social-experience-in-the-grounding-of-abstract-concepts/
LOCATION:B011 LPL\, 5 avenue Pasteur\, Aix-en-Provence\, 13100\, France
CATEGORIES:Soutenance de thèse
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